The surface of
the earth is broken into many rigid plates that are about 100 km in thickness.
These plates float on a partially molten region called aesthenosphere. Mountain
formations occur at the boundary of the plates.
The earth’s crust is 5 km thick
below oceans, about 35 km thick below flat
continental
surfaces and almost 80 km thick below great mountain ranges. These are the
strong foundations on which mountains stand. The Qur’aan also speaks about the
strong mountain foundations in the following verse:
“And the
mountains Hath He firmly fixed.”
[Al-Qur’aan
79:32][1]
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